Heavy Metal Distribution and Bioaccumulation Combined With Ecological and Human Health Risk Evaluation in a Typical Urban Plateau Lake, Southwest China

Heavy metal contamination in lakes caused by the rapid industrialization and urbanization is a serious problem. In this study, 12 heavy metals were systematically surveyed aquatic environment organisms of Dianchi Lake. Results showed that pollutions surface water exhibited decreasing order Ba > Fe Zn Mn As Ni Cr Cu Pb Cd Co, equipped consistency spatial distribution, seriously contaminating northern southern parts. The average concentration sedimentary appeared an Co Ag. main existing fraction (51.9–75.0%) Cu, Pb, Cr, As, Fe, Ni, Ag, sediments was residual fraction, whereas exchangeable (40.9–62.0%) dominant component for Cd, Zn, Mn. Among selected organisms, Ag possessed strong bioaccumulation effect, followed Mn, Ni. Ecological risk assessment indicated contaminants water; presented disastrous accounted considerable proportion ecological sediments. Human health evaluation products Lake not absolutely safe, major contributor. This study revealed distributions environments, which conductive to environmental safety human health.